Universal blockchains buckle under real-world demands

General-purpose blockchains can’t solve industry disputes over construction changes or equipment usage. Specialized layer 1s are optimized for stateless audit trails and regulatory compliance.

Opinion by: Steven Pu, co-founder of Taraxa

​Across verticals, the same pattern shows up again and again, and it has nothing to do with decentralization. Businesses rush toward blockchain solutions to solve their daily operational nightmares — only to discover that Ethereum and Solana can’t actually address them.

​Consider a construction foreman who approved a last-minute design change over a quick phone call, only to get sued six months later when the customer says they never agreed to it. Or consider an equipment leasing company that watches its revenue share evaporate because clients dispute sensor data showing machine usage — data that could have been tampered with before reaching the blockchain.

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