Vitalik Buterin Unveils GKR Protocol for Faster Ethereum Proofs

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has shared details of a new proof framework known as the GKR protocol. He said the framework could make verification on the blockchain much faster. The protocol was outlined in a blog post published on October 20.

Designed to enhance verification efficiency, GKR, short for Goldwasser–Kalai–Rothblum, introduces a method that verifies large computations while keeping on-chain data minimal. It uses a recursive proof system capable of processing data in logarithmic time, eliminating several steps that typically slow down conventional systems.

How GKR Simplifies Complex Computations

Buterin explained that this design helps simplify verification for large-scale computations, reducing the cost and complexity of proofs. Instead of using multiple commitment steps, GKR allows computations to flow directly, making it more efficient than traditional ZK-SNARK or STARK methods.

He acknowledged Lev Soukhanov, Zhenfei Zhang, and Zachary Williamson for reviewing the work and providing feedback on the protocol. In his explanation, Buterin described GKR as a scalable option for handling data-heavy operations across blockchain and artificial intelligence workloads.

This scalability becomes evident in its ability to manage large proof batches, such as hashing operations and neural network tasks. Because of its flexible design, developers can apply it to many computation-intensive environments.

While GKR itself does not include zero-knowledge properties, it can be paired with privacy-focused layers like ZK-SNARKs or STARKs. The combination can bring both confidentiality and succinctness to verification processes.

Ethereum’s Road Ahead

The GKR release comes ahead of Ethereum’s Fusaka upgrade, expected to roll out in November. The network update aims to enhance performance and scalability. According to reports, the Fusaka test phase will reach the Hoodi network in late October before mainnet activation.

Together, GKR and Fusaka reflect Buterin’s broader plan to make Ethereum modular, lightweight, and quantum-resistant. These ongoing technical efforts have kept Ether (ETH), the native token of Ethereum, in the spotlight, even as its market performance remains steady. This continued innovation reinforces confidence in the network’s long-term reliability and efficiency.

Market analyst Alejandro₿TC recently noted that ETH might dip before beginning a major rally toward $10,000. Earlier, BitMine chairman Tom Lee had projected ETH to reach $5,500 by mid-October. However, Bitstamp data on TradingView shows the asset has been trading between a low of around $3,400 and a high of $4,396 since October 10.

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